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SAPRU, TEJ BAHADUR (1875-1949). Born to an educated Kashmiri brahman family in Aligarh, Sapru studied Law and joined the family legal business in Moradabad, arguing cases before the Allahabad High Court. He joined the Indian National Congress in 1907 and the Home Rule League founded by Annie Besant in 1917. He was nominated as a member of the Imperial Legislative Council and then as a law member in the Viceroy's Executive Council in 1921, positions of considerable prestige. He resigned two years later on the issue of dyarchy as implemented under the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms. Tej Bahadur Sapru was a moderate and reasonable man who believed in gradual constitutional reform for India but chafed at the continuing control exercised by London to the detriment of Indian interests. He took an active role in the All Parties Committee convened in 1928 to draft a constitution for a future independent India. Again, he made constructive contributions at the Round Table Conferences held in London to discuss major constitutional changes under British aegis; he was disappointed in the consequent Government of India Act of 1935. Sapru was knighted and received the signal honor of becoming a member of the Privy Council in 1934. After the outbreak of World War II, Sapru was critical of Congress decisions not to cooperate with the war effort and deeply disappointed by the inadequacy and failure of Sir Stafford Cripps's mission in 1942. He worked closely with C. Rajagopalachari and at the lend of the war was elected as a delegate to the Constituent Assembly. There, he devoted efforts to drafting and including a chapter on justiciable Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution which came into force in 1950. |
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